UPSC Practice Questions — Chapter Wise
Chapter-wise UPSC Prelims and Mains practice questions with full explanations, for every GS paper and CSAT. Free, no signup.
Every chapter below links to a dedicated page of UPSC-pattern questions with complete explanations — statement-type and “how many of the above” Prelims questions, and Mains questions with answer frameworks. Explanations cover why every option is right or wrong, because in UPSC Prelims elimination is the skill.
Questions are original practice questions unless a page says otherwise; genuine previous-year questions are labelled with their year and paper once verified against the official question paper. For full-paper practice under exam conditions, head to the mock tests, and for a daily warm-up try the Daily Challenge.
GS Paper I
History & Culture
- Prehistory and the Indus Valley Civilisation
- Vedic and Later Vedic Age
- Mahajanapadas, Buddhism, Jainism and the Mauryas
- Post-Mauryan and Gupta Age
- Early Medieval India
- The Delhi Sultanate
- The Mughal Empire
- Bhakti and Sufi Movements
- Advent of the Europeans
- British Expansion and Administration
- The Revolt of 1857
- Socio-Religious Reform Movements
- Early Nationalism: Moderates and Extremists
- The Gandhian Era
- Towards Independence and Partition
- Post-Independence Consolidation
- Indian Art and Architecture
- Performing Arts, Literature and Philosophy
- World History
Geography
- The Universe and the Earth
- Geomorphology
- Climatology
- Oceanography
- Biogeography and Soils
- Geophysical Phenomena
- Physiography of India
- Drainage System of India
- Indian Climate and the Monsoon
- Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
- Agricultural Geography
- Mineral and Energy Resources
- Location of Industries
- Human and Population Geography
- World Regional Geography and Mapping
Indian Society
- Salient Features of Indian Society
- Role of Women and Women's Organisations
- Population and Associated Issues
- Poverty and Developmental Issues
- Urbanisation: Problems and Remedies
- Globalisation and Indian Society
- Social Empowerment
- Communalism, Regionalism and Secularism
GS Paper II
Polity & Governance
- Constitutional Framework
- Fundamental Rights
- Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties
- Amendment and the Basic Structure
- The Union Executive
- Parliament
- State Government
- The Judiciary
- Federalism and Centre-State Relations
- Local Government
- Elections and the Representation of People Act
- Constitutional Bodies
- Statutory, Regulatory and Quasi-Judicial Bodies
- Governance, Transparency and Accountability
- Social Justice and Welfare Schemes
- Comparison with Other Constitutions
International Relations
- India and its Neighbourhood
- Regional and Global Groupings
- India and the Major Powers
- Effect of Policies of Other Countries on India
- The Indian Diaspora
- International Institutions
GS Paper III
Indian Economy
- National Income and Growth
- Planning and NITI Aayog
- Money and Banking
- Monetary Policy and Inflation
- Fiscal Policy and the Budget
- Taxation and GST
- External Sector and Trade
- Agriculture and Food Security
- Industry and Infrastructure
- Inclusive Growth and Employment
- Capital Markets and Financial Inclusion
Environment & Ecology
- Ecology and Ecosystems
- Biodiversity and Conservation
- Protected Areas and Wildlife
- Climate Change
- Environmental Pollution
- Environmental Laws and Institutions
- International Environmental Conventions
- Environmental Impact Assessment
Science & Technology
- Space Technology
- Biotechnology and Health
- IT, Computers and Emerging Technologies
- Defence Technology
- Nuclear Technology and Energy
- Nanotechnology and New Materials
- Intellectual Property Rights
- Science in Everyday Life
Internal Security & Disaster Management
- Internal Security Challenges
- Terrorism and Insurgency
- Border Management
- Cyber Security and Communication Networks
- Money Laundering and Organised Crime
- Security Forces and Agencies
- Disaster Management
GS Paper IV
Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude
- Ethics and Human Interface
- Attitude
- Aptitude and Foundational Values for Civil Service
- Emotional Intelligence
- Moral Thinkers and Philosophers
- Public Service Values and Probity in Governance
- Ethics Case Studies